Language And Cognitive Development Based On A Longitudinal...

The following is a review of the article â€Å"New Evidence About Language and Cognitive Development Based on a Longitudinal Study: Hypotheses for Intervention† (Goldin-Meadow et al., 2014). The article discusses the research that was done on language learning in toddlers. I will summarize the purpose of the research, the methods used, and an interpretation of the findings. I will then discuss the findings in relation to developmental theories as discussed by Berger (2014). I will conclude with a reflection on how this relates to my own experience. Purpose of the Research The authors undertook this research in order to better understand the factors that affect language learning. The findings obtained through this research may help predict†¦show more content†¦The researches did 90-minute home observations every four months for four years (total of 12 visits per child). The children were observed from the age of 14 months to 58 months. The researches also observed 40 children with unilateral brain injury (BI). There was no demographic related selection for these 40 children and they varied in age from 14 to 54 months. At least four visits were done with these 40 families. Parent-child interactions were videotaped for 90 minutes during each visit. All parent and child gestures and speech were then transcribed. Interpretation of Findings The authors discussed three outcomes in their research. The first is that SES and BI can cause variance in child gestures. The use of gestures can be an indicator of later language use in both typically developing children and children with brain injuries. In the group of typically developing children, it was found the use of gestures varies based on the SES. A difference in gesture use was found in children at 14 months of age, and that different in gesture use affected later language learning. The amount of parental gestures was related to SES and affected the amount of child gestures. Although parent gestures do not impact language learning, early child gestures do. Therefore, if the amount of parent gestures, impacts the amount of child gestures, language learning can be impacted as a result of fewer child gestures. The

Animation of a Statue - 2268 Words

Animation of a Statue Nothing gives one person so great advantage over another, as to remain always cool and unruffled under all circumstances. -- Thomas Jefferson The Roaring 20’s are often viewed as an era of reverie and true American spirit. But, like the Gilded Age, the exuberance was superficial and fleeting. In revealing the progression of Jordan Baker’s character through the motif of her complex demeanor, F. Scott Fitzgerald illuminates the theme of authenticity in The Great Gatsby. Presenting Ms. Baker’s image as that of an emotionally collected young woman, then stripping away the facade to reveal the charade she plays and finally tearing at her core motivation, Fitzgerald manipulates the aura that Jordan creates to examine how her lie is simply another strategy used to ensure security. At the start of the book, Jordan maintains a distant persona that divorces her appearance from true reality. But as Nick learns more about the girl, he opens up Jordan’s vulnerability and softens her cold posture. As conflict emerges, Jordan’s actions reveal how she handles a disturbance to her balanced repose and whet her she can truly live an authentic life. When Nick first encounters Jordan at the Buchanan’s party, her restful body language suggests an air of aloofness. Her allure coupled with sensual dress imagery characterize Jordan as complex yet lacking in genuine character. Inside the showy foyer of the Buchanan household, â€Å"two women [are] buoyed up as though uponShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of Buddhism By Donald M. Rodriguez Jr.1743 Words   |  7 PagesKannon Bosatsu, or Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva, is a carved wood statue of a Bodhisattva figure standing about two and one half to three meters tall. This statue shows a high level of detail on the Bodhisattva s body, and is carved so smoothly that it could be mistaken for a stone carving. The show of skilled craftsmanship can be seen around the shoulders with the interaction of the cloth with the jewelry the Bodhisattva. The statue is placed on an ornate pedestal to cause the figurine to appearRead MoreWalt Disney s Accomplishments And Accomplishments1460 Words   |à ‚  6 Pages Walt Disney was a pioneer of cartoon films based off of his creative animation and imaginative characters. He is well-known for producing Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, the Seven Dwarfs, and many other famous Disney characters. Walt Disney’s childhood prepared him for the career he never dreamed of having, which was a cartoonist. His greatest achievements lead to huge investments such as Disneyland, Disneyworld, and other companies which hold his name to their title. His legacy lives on today in AmericaRead MoreAnalysis of Filming Techniques in Spirited Away1574 Words   |  7 PagesHe believes that â€Å"surrounded by high technology and its flimsy devices, children are more and more losing their roots†(Reider). Hayao Miyazaki’s aim is to present not only an animated motion picture, but a work of art. He does so by using certain animation and film techniques, applying Japanese culture, and creating in depth characters, all of which highlight key symbols in the film . Miyazaki’s strong support for Japanese culture often becomes prominent in the film. Once chihiro has learned that herRead More1 INTRODUCTION The Triplets of Belleville (French: Les Triplettes de Belleville) is a 2003 animated1600 Words   |  7 Pagestaken to the city of Belleville. She is joined by the Triplets of Belleville, music hall singers from the 1930s, whom she meets in the city, and her obese hound, Bruno. The film was highly praised by audiences and critics for its unique style of animation. The film was nominated for two Academy Awards — Best Animated Feature and Best Original Song for Belleville Rendex-vous. It was also screened out of competition (hors concours) at the 2003 Cannes Festival. 2 THEMES From the extensive Movie ThemeRead MoreThe Fox and the Hound in the Walt Disney Studios: John Lasseter631 Words   |  3 Pagesworking for Walt Disney Company. Lasseter was eventually fired but found work at Lucasfilm Computer Graphics Group, which also ended in a short time. After failing to keep his jobs, he sought for something new. This was when he joined the Pixar Animation Studios along with Edwin Catmull and Steve Jobs. While attending school at the California Institute of Arts, Lasseter created two Student Academy Award- winning, black and white short films called Lady and the Lamp and Nitemare. These animated filmsRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On Art1388 Words   |  6 Pagesof everyday life and society as a whole. Art have moved into the digital world as well. There are many different forms digital art can take including graphical art, digital imaging or digital animation. With many new digital outlets for artist to explore, many new mediums began to spring up such as 3D animation and VR (virtual reality). Graphical art has been around since ancient Egypt, when Egyptians used hieroglyphics to communicate and record information. Graphical art changed drastically withRead MoreFilm Analysis Of The Cinematic Style Of Tim Burton844 Words   |  4 Pageslow angle points out the sense of childish wonder and curiosity in Edward’s eyes. All goes well until Edward touches the bed with his scissors. The accident humorously frightens Edward. Lastly, during the animation, The Nightmare Before Christmas, at one point Jack was slouching on an angel statue. Burton filmed this scene from a high angle. At first, this creates a thought in the audience’s mind that the character might be dead. But after he starts to moan, that theory is no longer correct. ThroughRead MoreThemes Of Japan s Indigenous Religion1153 Words   |  5 Pagesseen through Miyazaki films through spirits that have the ability to transform their shape, such as the foxes and raccoons in Pom Poko. Buddhism also influences Miyazaki films. Dragons derive from Buddhist legends and are in Spirited Away. Buddhist statues are also seen in My Neighbor Totoro, and Pom Poko (Odell 28). All of his movies contain variations of spirits, demons, or fantastical creatures rooted in nature. There is a balance of empathy through his human elements, but mystery in his fantasyRead MoreMy Grandmother Is An Artist897 Words   |  4 Pagesthe contemporary art world, but to see scholars from different disciplines interject into the debate is more unfortunate. Smut writes, â€Å"†¦attempts at emulating the moving image, game designers intend that we appreciate their games as we do digital animation and video art. Modern video game designers are deeply concerned with traditional aesthetic considerations familiar to animators†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1). Video game designers hold the same aesthetic considerations as animators and other artists do, but only the animatorsRead MoreLooking At A Few Of Them3927 Words   |  16 Pag eswith tuberculosis are both female and struggle with being diagnosed with it. He tries to portray the love, sadness, and possible hope for a cure for tuberculosis within those films. What inspired Miyazaki and also directed him towards the path of animation and the world of manga (Japanese comics) was in 1958 when he watched the colored film Hakuja Den (â€Å"Hayao Miyazaki Biography†). Surprisingly, instead of acquiring a degree in the arts, he went to Gakushuiin University and graduated with a Political

Bullying Problem in a Nigerian Secondary School an...

BULLYING PROBLEM IN A NIGERIAN SECONDARY SCHOOL: AN EDUCATIONAL MANGER’S SOLUTION Abstract Bullying problem is pervasive and a serious concern for all stakeholders of education who desire to make school climate a safe haven. This paper is thus moved by this desire, to identify bullying and prevalence of bullying among secondary school students in Nigeria as a matter of urgent attention. The paper brings into concrete terms, bullying situation in Hibiscus College (pseudonym) a secondary school in Nigeria and prescribes a series of decision making process for solving the problem. These include, provision of helping services for schools; sensitization and capacity building of stakeholders in bullying detection and prevention;†¦show more content†¦In recent times, it is becoming a bigger crisis with vicious consequences. Bullying is not just a child’s play, but a terrifying experience many school children face everyday (Aluede, 2006; Beran, 2005; Craig, 1998; Thornbery, 2010). As Beran (2005) further noted, in spite of school officials, teachers, parents and st udents exerting great efforts to make schools friendlier and safer places, a reduction of bullying is not always evident, as threats of attacks in schools often leading to breakdown of rules and orders are often the case in many Nigerian schools. The multifaceted nature of bullying has made its definition a complex task, as no single definition can cover all aspects of bullying. Notwithstanding, bullying is a form of aggression, a particular kind of violence to which students are exposed. It is a form of social interaction in which a more dominant individual (the bully) exhibits aggressive behaviour intended to cause distress to the less dominant individual (the victim). In most cases, bullying can be seen as acting in any way that threatens or hurts someone less powerful. Bullying does not occur when there is conflict between people of equal or similar power. This distinction is important because of the effects of being repeatedly attacked or threatened by a more powerful person or group are likely to differ from the effects of being threatened or attacked by someone of equal power. In the former case, one is apt

The No Child Left Behind Act - 1633 Words

According to the Nation’s Report Card, only forty percent of 4th graders and thirty-three percent of 8th graders are performing at or above levels of proficiency on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) mathematics test in 2015. These numbers are unchanged from 2013, showing that no progress is being made. The United States education system needs to drastically be reformed so that our test scores and work output is comparable to that of higher-achieving nations such as China and Japan. One policy currently in place that is making it difficult for teachers to teach the way they would like is the No Child Left behind Act. The act was originally made so that schools are held accountable for their students’ progress, parents get more choices of which school their children will attend and so that there is more flexibility for how funds can be distributed by the schools. The No Child Left Behind Act needs to be reformed because it encourages teachers to teach to the tests, gives money to schools already succeeding, and forces teachers to focus mainly on students struggling rather than average or excelling students. The No Child Left Behind Act was originally written in 1965 and signed by Lyndon B. Johnson as the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). The act explained that â€Å"full educational opportunity† should be the nation’s priority. In 2002, the act was rewritten by former President George W. Bush and renamed the No Child Left Behind Act. TheShow MoreRelatedNo Child Left Behind Act1621 Words   |  7 Pages The support for the No Child Left Behind Act plummeted down shortly after the act passed. Many people supported the act at first simply because they supported the goals of the act, once they saw the results, their opinions changed. One of the biggest arguments towards No Child Left Behind is that it is unfair. People believed the resources of difference schools were unequal, and thought the Title 1 fund ing that the schools received should go to ensuring all schools had equal resources. Many peopleRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act1670 Words   |  7 Pages Literature Review: Every Student Succeeds Act Suzanne Hatton, BSW, LSW University of Kentucky-SW 630 Abstract This literature review seeks to explore the Every Student Succeeds Act (2015), a bipartisan reauthorization and revision to the No Child Left Behind Act (2002). The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is the first law passed in fourteen years to address Reneeded changes to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). Considered progressive and innovative at the time of itsRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act875 Words   |  4 PagesThe No Child Left Behind Act â€Å"NCLB† was a bill passed by the Senate in 2001 and signed into law by President George W. Bush on January 8, 2002. It was a revision of the Elementary and Secondary Act â€Å"ESEA† of 1965 by President Lyndon Johnson. The NCLB was intended to help children in lower-income families achieve the same standard of education as children in higher income families. This was done by the federal government providing extra finances for Title I schools in exchange for a rise in academicRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Act1418 Wor ds   |  6 Pagessystematic oppression. The flowing water of oppression floods poor schools; drowning students with dreams, and giving no mercy. The only ones safe from the water are the privileged, who are oblivious to the fact that it exists. George Bush s No Child Left Behind Act, which passed in 2002, mandated annual standardized testing in math and reading. If schools received insufficient scores, they were punished or shut down. This fueled the construed concept that a school is only doing well if the students haveRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act Essay921 Words   |  4 Pagesuccessful at it. (Source 7) Next, the â€Å"No Child left behind Act† it was signed by President George W. Bush and it passed with bipartisan support on Jan. 8, 2002. This Act states that there will be mandated annual testing in the subject reading and math and science. In the grades 3-8 and 10th grade. It shows the Adequate Yearly Progress of each school in the system of the United States. (source 1) The biggest point of this Act is that no child is â€Å"trapped in a failing school† (source 1). That eachRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act2120 Words   |  9 PagesWhen President George W. Bush signed the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) into law in 2002, the legislation had one goal-- to improve educational equity for all students in the United States by implementing standards for student achievement and school district and teacher performance. Before the No Child Left Behind Act, the program of study for most schools was developed and implemented by individual states and local communities†™ school boards. Proponents of the NCLB believed that lax oversightRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act1988 Words   |  8 PagesJanuary 8, 2002, George W. Bush signed the No Child Left Behind Act into law (also known as the NCLB). The No Child Left Behind Act was the latest reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, a federal education bill addressing the nation’s schools. At his signing ceremony, Bush stated, â€Å"There’s no greater challenge than to make sure that every child—and all of us on this stage mean every child, not just a few children—every single child, regardless of where they live, how they’reRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act1592 Words   |  7 PagesThe No Child Left Behind Act was the biggest educational step taken by president Bush and his administration. Its main goal included the increase of achievement in education and completely eliminate the gap between different racial and ethnic grou ps. Its strategies had a major focus on uplifting test scores in schools, hiring â€Å"highly qualified teachers† and deliver choices in education. Unluckily, the excessive demands of the law have not succeeded in achieving the goals that were set, and have causedRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Act1747 Words   |  7 PagesNo Child Left Behind Introduction The No Child Left Behind Act (NALB) was signed into law by the former President of the United States George Walker Bush on the 8th of January 2002. It was a congressional attempt to encourage student achievement through some reforms focused on elementary and secondary education programs in the United States. The NCLB requires that within a decade all students including those with disabilities to perform at a proficient level on their state academic evaluation testsRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act1124 Words   |  5 PagesChristian J. Green Dr. Shoulders NCLB and ESSA 28 February 2016 The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) was authorized by and signed into law in 2002. NCLB was a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) of 1965. NCLB was meant to hold schools to higher standards, enforce accountability, and close achievement gaps that had existed in education since ESEA was enacted. Nevertheless, the rigorous standards and goals set forth under NCLB were never attained. ESEA Flexibility could

Healthy Diet Books And Nutrition Guides - 1757 Words

5 Nutrients Your Body Needs Besides Food If you re like me and care about your body, you probably spend a lot of your energy and focus on eating a healthy diet. There are endless diet books and nutrition guides that are aimed at helping you figure out how to give your body the nourishment it needs. Yet just as important as food are the other key nutrients your body needs to truly thrive. It can be easy to overlook these nutrients, but some of them are even more essential to our health than food! Here are five nutrients besides healthy food that your body needs to be truly well-fed, along with some simple tips for how to easily get these five needs met: NUTRIENT ONE: CLEAN AIR - What is more essential than breathing? We can go weeks without food and days without water, but not more than a few minutes without air. Fresh air is essential for our wellbeing. Yet most of us spend all day indoors, breathing recycled air. When we do get outside, much of our air is polluted. It can be difficult with our busy urban lifestyles to get out into nature, where air is freshest. At best, we might get a little park action when we take the dog for a walk. At worst, the only time we really experience fresh air is once a year on vacation! Solution: Nourish yourself with negative ions. Negative ions are at their max in pure places, like the tops of mountains or the depths of forests. Thanks to technology, you can do a lot to purify your indoor air by simply getting a negative ionizer forShow MoreRelatedThe Proper Nutrition1699 Words   |  7 PagesThe Proper Nutrition Many people across the globe are fascinated by showy commercials about losing weight. Often, these commercials guarantee that their customers will lose up to ten pounds in less than a week from using a fancy gizmo gadget workout machine. Some offer their viewers a diet plan that consists of little foods that make most people binge by the end of the program. The viewers are drawn to these commercials because they’ll believe what anyone says on television, and most of the timeRead MorePlant Based Nutrition : Power And The Planet !1642 Words   |  7 PagesPlant-Based Nutrition: Power to the People! Power to the Planet! Dr. Michael Greger provides an eye-opening statistic regarding the link between health and nutrition when he states that, â€Å"The #1 killer in the US – heart disease – was found to be almost nonexistent in populations with diets centered around whole plant foods† (â€Å"Greger†). Even though the idea that a plant-based diet is the best option for many reasons, many groups still passionately contest it. However, recent research in nutritionalRead MorePrevention And The Prevention Of Cancer1451 Words   |  6 Pagesoffice followed by chemotherapy in an attempt to kill the now detectable cancer cells, then this article is not for you. If however, you would prefer to avoid cancer totally by preventing it before it starts, then please read on. When addressing nutrition and the prevention of cancer one of the hottest topics in this arena at this time are antioxidants. The primary reason that antioxidants have received increasing attention is based on the very nature of cancer cells themselves, how they are startedRead MoreThe Health Of Freshman Year Of College Essay935 Words   |  4 Pagesan incoming freshman is concerned about what her diet will be like while living in a dorm. She has heard that a lot of females in college will develop eating disorders because of their poor diet and possible weight gain from lack of exercise. Tammy started to do research on the internet and stumbled across â€Å"Healthy Eating: A Practical Guide† published by Concordia University. In the guide, it has guidelines and tips for college students to eat healthy while on a budget, and a chart for the amount ofRead MoreFood Is Always Critical For People’S Living. People Gain1333 Words   |  6 Pagesfactor that caused American to have unhealthy diets and Americans need to consume less of corn processed foods. In his book, Omnivore’s Dilemma, Pollan has made a good argument by providing significant resources to back up his argument and he has discussed both the pros and cons about corn that has let the readers to fully understand the situation. I’m of two minds about Pollan’s claim that American needs to consume less in order to have a healthy diet. On the one hand, I agree that corn did broughtRead MoreFood Politics Is A Great Book For Anyone The Richest Nation On Earth Has Such Poor Dietary Habits880 Words   |  4 PagesFood Politics is a great book for anyone who wants to understand why the richest nation on earth has such poor dietary habits. In the book, Marion Nestle examines the political, scientific and socioeconomic influences on food choice, food safety, and obesity. She goes into considerable detail to explain how, over the past century, the food industry s political control over nutrition standards, the alliance between big companies and academic research, and the allowance of deceptive advertising hasRead More Living Healthy Essay1237 Words   |  5 Pages Living Healthy nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"No matter who you are, no matter what you do, you absolutely, positively do have the power to change† (Phillips xv). No matter how old or over weight you are, you always have the need to be healthy and it is never too late to start living healthy. Your body is the center of your universe. You can go nowhere without it. It’s the temple of your mind and your soul. If your body is sagging, or aging rapidly, other aspects of your life will soon follow. ThereRead MoreAnalysis Of Michael Pollan s Defense Of Food967 Words   |  4 PagesIn his book In Defense of Food author Michael Pollan takes an interesting and thought provoking journey into our contemporary nutrition. He not only breaks down the dangers of what we currently eat, but the entire reasoning behind why. He delves into how advertising, scientific claims (be them correct or incorrect) and even politics have changed the landscape of nutrition, and all our eating habits as a whole. He correlates the current epidemic of major health problems in America (obesityRead MoreFood Warning Labels1561 Words   |  7 Pagesare eating if there are labels on food packages. It would help them be more involved in what they eat. And with food labels they will be more educate know more about the facts on the nutrition label. In this book by Victoria Sherrow are a published author and an illustrator of children’s books and young adult books. Some of the published credits of Victoria Sherrow include Jonas Salk: Beyond the Microscope (Makers of Modern Science), about food safety (2008) it touches on an issues how importantRead MoreAdopting a Whole Foods Plant Based Diet to Combat Diabetes Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pagesof life. Once such approach available is adopting a diet primarily involving a whole food, plant based concept. This program, if followed cannot only prevent various diseases but may also hold the nutritional values to cure many diseases to include Type II Diabetes. There are many different avenue s that can be addressed. For these purposes, what the diet is and its benefits will be addressed and build a vivid image of whether or not a diet comprised of a whole food, plant based philosophy is

Theoretical Perspectives in Industrial Sociology †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Theoretical Perspectives in Industrial Sociology. Answer: Introduction There exist ample of differences between two countries in regards to varied factors such as the culture, the human resource management, the political scenarios, the ethicalities and many others like such. The differences do also affect the working practices of employees and the higher management. There are hundreds of countries across the globe where many countries differ to each other in the mentioned regards or many other factors like such. The differences can be accredited to the policies of the local government of the respective countries or the citizens who are living in such countries. Human resource management does also play a very important role in such differences. The differences are expected; however, it appears to be problematic because it makes thing challenging for people living across the different cultures. They find this problematic because they face challenge to communicate with the people from different cultures (Patrick Kumar, 2012). In this paper, it shows a comparison between the two countries India and Saudi Arabia in regards to different factors such as human resource management, infrastructure, local government policies, economic capability etc. The assignment progresses on the interview taken with a site head of a construction company based in India. The HOD has served the company for seven long years. Now, the HOD Mr. Rehab Kazim is working in a construction company Al Fouzan Trading General Construction Co. based in Saudi Arabia. It has been three years ever since the person has joined the company. Mr. Rehab Kazim used to supervise the proceedings at the sites. The HOD used to take care of a team of 100 members. The company where Mr. Kazim is working takes care of the building construction works. The HOD has also handled many popular projects in the country. Their customers were the clients looking for constructing the buildings across the Makkah. Mr. Rehab Kazim is a successful man who has vast experienc e behind him. The 7 years working experience in India and now in Saudi Arabia speak the volume of the experience. The vast experience of the HOD has attracted me towards him for knowing something about the two countries through an interview. Interestingly, I found him very cooperative as the HOD responded to my queries with sufficient information. The interview conducted with the site head at the construction company in Saudi Arabia did provide ample of information regarding the basic differences in the two countries. The main purpose of this assignment is to frame the discussion held with the site head at a construction company in Saudi Arabia into understandable information, so that, it could convey some interesting facts about the two countries. Comparison between India and Saudi Arabia There are significant differences in between India and Saudi Arabia. The countries differed not only in terms of population and the surface area but have also differed significantly in different factors such as HRM as confirmed by the site head who were interviewed at a construction company in Saudi Arabia. The answers to questions that were devised are as followed, the questions are attached in the appendix. In Saudi Arabia, they pay different pay scales to both the local and the international workers. However, in India, both the local and the international employees receive the same salary structure. Mr. Kazim said that there is a variation in salaries based on skill sets only. Apart from salary structure, there are differences in weekly off as well. Friday is a fixed off in the entire Saudi Arabia whereas Sunday is a fixed off in the entire public sector and the most part of the private sectors. Some sectors have a rotational format to offer the weekly offs, which mean that employees can avail their weekly off on any of their choice of day in a particular week. There is racial discrimination at the workplace in Saudi Arabia. The country prefers the Muslim employees in particular. The HOD has supplied the information with a very sad tone. He wondered what has made the difference. However, he proceeded by saying that in nowadays, there are few non-Muslim workers are also working (Fnais et al., 2013). The site head has supplied some useful information about both the countries. The information is helpful in understanding the behavioral differences in the customers of both the countries. India is a far big nation that the KSA. It is after China in terms of population. It has a significant mix up of different groups of customers such as Millennial, Baby Boomers and Boomers. In contrast to this fact, Saudi Arabia is vastly occupied with the youth audience. Furthermore, this means that the customers in the country are more educated than those in India. It does not at all mean that India does not have educated customers but it actually means that the percentage of such customers is more in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, most of the customers in the country have measurable approach towards any product or service. However, they are not expressive as the customers are in India. Mr. Rehab Kazim surprisingly said that they are bound with the Islamic rules and regulations, which compels them to use such thing only those are permissible under Islamic policies (Johnson Vriens, 2013). Corruption is one of the major issues in the ethical front that organizations face these days. These include bribing of the officials, forging of documents some of the companies are also being accused of having malpractices in the salary and remuneration system as well. Interview findings: According to the site head, people living in Saudi Arabia are more ethical than those in India. The head of the department has cited one very interesting reason for the fact, which is the adherence to the Islamic shariah. Muslims living in Saudi Arabia find this bad to go against the Islamic rules and regulations even if they desire something, which shariah does not permit. On the other hand, India is a secular country with no such effects of shariah on the Muslims living in the country. Additionally, India is a country of multiple religions that means every religion has their rights to practice their religion until and unless it does not hamper the sentiments of the common people (Azeem Akhtar, 2014). Politically, India is very unstable and unsupportive in certain instances. The opposition party tends to oppose any of the government projects. It never at all cares to analyze whether the propose project is advantageous. This is for such reasons many big projects are delayed here. Mr. Kazim was really upset with the facts that the political scenarios in India are really concerning. The site head also added that the same opposition once it steps down in the crown of the local government, it supports the same project that it once opposed. On the other hand, the political scenarios in Saudi Arabia are very different. This might be because of the fact that the country has one single king that heads the entire process. Every single thing is under the power of the king, which is why it is comparatively easier to plan and implement a project in the country (Brown, 2013). Both India and Saudi Arabia are economically developing countries; however, there are differences in the economy of both the country. The major contributor in the economy of KSA is the oil reservoir. It is the largest exporter of oil in the world. The GDP per capita of the country is far bigger than India. According to the site head, the power of one king has an influential role in the economy of the country; however, the political regime in India is headed by a complex hierarchy that significantly opposes the projects. This is one such factor that has kept on affecting the economy of the country. The recent demonetization has further affected it significantly. Mr. Kazim was really had deep concerns for the political circumstances in India as it has also affected the economy significantly (Bonne, 2013). Culturally, Saudi Arabia is very conservative in nature. They make friends at the workplace but they rarely take their friends to their home. It does not matter whether they are working together for the last 20 years. Interview findings: Mr. Rehab Kazim has expressed his desire as well by stating the fact that he is not enjoying his job here in this country because of few reasons. A conservative cultural circumstance in the country is tough for anybody who has spent a significant time of his or her career being in some other parts of world. However, the circumstances in India are entirely different. The different workforce at the different workplace such as at the construction sites or at the official premise they have a good bonding between them. They share good relationships with each other. They also visit each others home. In other words, the workplace in India is comparatively much social than in Saudi Arabia. The site head has admitted that the person felt this very comfortable while working in India. However, it is comparatively challenging to work in Saudi Arabia as people there are very reserved (Goldschmidt Jr Boum, 2015). Organizational behavior is an integral part of the daily operation of a business unit. Work culture, work environment heavily depends upon the job satisfaction of a person and his commitment towards the company. The site head when asked about the social atmosphere at the workplace, the person had confirmed that workplace in India is much friendly than it is in Saudi Arabia. Mr. Kazim is actually missing India as it can be observed in his emotions. There can be reasons behind the fact; however, people there in the KSA are very reserved with their matter. They make friendship but they rarely visits to one another home. The circumstances in India are majorly different as employees develop friendship atmosphere at the workplace and do also visit one anothers home (Al-Thani et al., 2014). India has improved its capability to invest in the infrastructure related growth during the five year span of 2008-12. India has really progressed in this five year span and has proved its potentiality in the infrastructure related growth. Mr. Kazim was comparatively more satisfied with the infrastructure in India as it looked from his way of answering to the question. Saudi Arabia needs to follow the footsteps of India in order to enhance its capability and improve the infrastructure. Nevertheless, an improved infrastructure would only support the flourishing growth in other than the oil industry (Alshahrani Alsadiq, 2014). Theoretical perspective would be really helpful to understand the teachings, which the interview has taught me. There are many theories such as theories of performance, which is helpful in understanding the importance of planning, organizing, leading and controlling. These four things are very important as far as a progressive workplace is concerned. This does not only improve the operational performance but it also betters the workplace environment, which is very important for keeping the employees intact with the organization for a significant time span. These four things emphasize on the importance of different factors such as the role of HRM, the infrastructure and the ethical considerations (Brown, 2013). The information that has been supplied during the interview has understandably covered the few important factors, which affect the experience of working in two different countries. The information has encouraged me more to work in India than in Saudi Arabia. The workplace in In dia is friendlier than in the KSA. Like other Millennial I also like such a workplace that is both educative and friendly. The workplace in Saudi Arabia is also educative; however, it is not as friendly as it is in India. Additionally, the opportunity to grow in India is much better than in Saudi Arabia. I personally feel that I would be happier to be in India as an improved infrastructure in the country would help me come across the different opportunities needed to enrich the skills to another level. The exploration is higher in the country, which would provide me ample of time to grow. The interview has also educated me on the different challenges and the opportunities, which would come across while working at the global platform. There are opportunities at the global platform such as it gives real chances to come across wider exploration opportunities. On the other hand, it also has ample of challenges such as the political scenario in the target country. Additionally, the human resource system might also be challenging such as for someone who has worked in Saudi Arabia and now willing to work in India. I find myself very excited for the opportunities that are there in some other parts of world. However, I am also worried for a fact that the workplace nature can be different at the target place. It may not be the same like where I have spent a significant time span. I also worry for other factors such as the nature of people there, the food culture in the target country, the local government policies etc. The interview has taught me many important lessons, which a ll were unknown facts to me before I interviewed the site head. Conclusion It is an interview report that focuses on the different factors in the two different countries India and Saudi Arabia. The paper has supplied some important information on the political, economic and many such factors of the two countries in comparison. The assignment has helped to understand that there are challenges as well as opportunities while working at the global platform. Different workplace at the different locations is different to each other in many respects such as the cultural, social and behavioral factors. Working at the global platform is full of challenges because of very basic reasons such as the HRM policies, workforce of different cultures and the nature of business operation. The interview conducted with the site head of one Construction Company in Saudi Arabia has taught me many important lessons. It taught me that I need to be more realistic while making the selection on the workplace location that interests me. References Alshahrani, M. S. A., Alsadiq, M. A. J. (2014).Economic growth and government spending in Saudi Arabia: An empirical investigation. International Monetary Fund. Al-Thani, H., El-Menyar, A., Abdelrahman, H., Zarour, A., Consunji, R., Peralta, R., ... Latifi, R. (2014). Workplace-related traumatic injuries: insights from a rapidly developing Middle Eastern country.Journal of environmental and public health,2014. Azeem, S. M., Akhtar, N. (2014). PERSONAL ETHICS AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR AMONG DOCTORS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.International Journal of Academic Research,6(4). Bonne, A. (2013).State and Economics in the Middle East: With Special Refernce to Conditions in Western Asia India. Routledge. Brown, R. (2013).Understanding industrial organizations: Theoretical perspectives in industrial sociology. Routledge. Fnais, N., al-Nasser, M., Zamakhshary, M., Abuznadah, W., Al Dhukair, S., Saadeh, M., ... BinAhmedi, A. (2013). Prevalence of harassment and discrimination among residents in three training hospitals in Saudi Arabia.Annals of Saudi medicine,33(2), 134. Goldschmidt Jr, A., Boum, A. (2015).A concise history of the Middle East. Hachette UK. Johnson, T., Vriens, L. (2013). Islam: governing under Sharia.Council on Foreign Relations,9. Patrick, H. A., Kumar, V. R. (2012). Managing workplace diversity: Issues and challenges.Sage Open,2(2), 2158244012444615.

Financial Planning for the Client Case Study

Question: Describe about the Case Study for Financial Planning for the Client. Answer: Executive summary This report is related with the financial planning of the client- Mr Mitch and his wife Jill. Initially client profile will be stated which will include client details, goals and objectives and current financial situation. It will include comprehensive cash flow statement, detailed tax calculations, and a balance sheet based on the couples existing situation. Then Risk profile and investment strategy will be stated. For this purpose interview will be conducted so that risk profile can be created. Further investment recommendation will be stated which will determine one appropriate managed fund under each of the following 4 assets classes: Australian fixed interest; Australian property; Australian equity International equity. On the basis of that recommended strategies will be stated. Personal profile Client Details PERSONAL LIFE Relation Age Mitch Self 30 Jill Wife 28 Tessa Kid 6 Matthew Kid 3 School Age 10 School Cost 12000 Assets Type Value Home Joint 650000 Contents Joint 80000 Cars Joint 60000 Savings- Cash Mitch 12000 Savings- Shares * Mitch 25000 Superannuation Balance Mitch 20000 Superannuation Balance Jill 40000 TOTAL 887000 Liabilities Home Mortgage ** 420000 Car Loan*** 15000 Credit Card-Avg Monthly Bal 4000 TOTAL 439000 Savings- Shares * Shares Cost Price 30000 Purchase Year 2012 Home Mortgage ** Var Interest Rate 5.50% Monthly Repayment 3100 No of years 18 216 Car Loan *** Var Interest Rate 6.60% Monthly Repayment 302 No of years 5 60 Home Mortgage Car Loan Monthly Payment -3067 -294 Income per annum Salary 40000 Net profit from business 130000 Bank Interest 120 Fully Franked Dividends 500 170620 Payments Living Expenses 40000 Mortgage and Loan Repayments 40824 Private health insurance 3200 Professional Membership fees -Mitch 700 -Jill 800 Travel Expenses for work -Jill 400 Tax preparation (50/50) 2000 Donations (50/50) 1500 Holidays and entertainment 10000 99424 Superannuation Accounts Mitch -Net wealth superannuation account 20000 4 years -- invested in conservative option --includes death and TPD cover for 50000 Jill -Net wealth superannuation account 30000 -- invested in conservative option --includes death and TPD cover for 50000 - Legal Super Industry Super Fund 5000 --invested 20% in shares and 80% in cash - ABC Super Fund 5000 --invested 100% in cash (Mca.gov, 2016) Goals and Objectives The couple wants to reduce their debt obligations as soon as possible. Investments done must be revised so that tax liabilities can be reduced. They want the best way to create wealth for retirement planning, from now onwards. They want to rationalise their superannuation funds. To achieve a well- diversified portfolio within their superannuation investments based on their risk appetite. After 2 years, they want to fund a holiday for the family to America which will cost them $12,000. They want to plan an education fund to place Tessa in a private school, when she turns 11 years. Current financial position Cash flow statement COMPREHENSIVE CASHFLOW STATEMENT Income per annum Salary 40000 Net profit from business 130000 Bank Interest 120 Fully Franked Dividends 500 TOTAL INCOME 170620 Expenses Living Expenses 40000 Private health insurance 3200 Professional Membership fees -Mitch 700 -Jill 800 Travel Expenses for work -Jill 400 Tax preparation (50/50) 2000 Donations (50/50) 1500 Holidays and entertainment 10000 TOTAL EXPENSES 58600 EBIT(Earnings Before Interest and Taxes) 112020 Interest Expense 14491 PBT (Profit Before Taxes) 97529 Taxes applicable 62529 Net profit 35000 Total Repayments 26333 Cash Profit 8667 (Riskstrategies, 2016) Detailed tax calculations Earnings of Family 97529 Tax Limits Rate Fixed Charge Amt. Eligible Tax Applicable 18200 0% 0 18200 0 37000 19% 0 79329 15073 80000 32.50% 3752 60529 23424 180000 37% 17547 17529 24033 TOTAL 62529 (Ato.gov.au, 2016)(Ato.gov.au, 2016)(Exfin.com, 2016) Balance sheet Assets Type Value Fixed Assets Home Joint 650000 Contents Joint 80000 Cars Joint 60000 Net Fixed Assets total 790000 Current Assets Savings- Cash Mitch 20667 Cash Equivalents total 20667 Current Investments Superannuation Balance Mitch 20000 Superannuation Balance Jill 40000 Investments total 60000 TOTAL ASSETS 870667 Liabilities Home Mortgage ** 420000 Car Loan*** 15000 TOTAL LONG TERM LIABILITIES 435000 Current Liabilities Bad Debt- Shares 30000 Credit Card- Payables 48000 TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIEs 78000 TOTAL LIABILITIES 513000 Share Capital/ Equity -Mitch 118833 -Jill 238833 TOTAL EQUITY 357667 TOTAL LIABILITIES EQUITY 870667 (free-management-ebooks, 2016) Risk profile and investment Strategy Purpose of risk profiling It is a process through which optimal level in the investment is evaluated. It is the methodology through which required risk and the capacity of the risk along with that tolerance of the risk is examined(riskprofiling, 2016). It helps in determining the right assets allocation so that proper return can be generated from that(Professionaladviser, 2016). In other words it can be said that it is used for the strategic deployment of the portfolios' resources(Hughes, 2016). Interview What is your name? Mitch What is your age? Age 35 years What is your willingness in terms of financial risk? According to the interview, respondent's willingness towards the financial risk is moderate in nature that is neither too high nor too less. Since respondent is having nuclear family which includes two children and wife, therefore he is not ready to take high risk. This question clearly states that willingness towards the financial risk is totally dependent upon the structure of the family and family members' earnings. In the given case, Michael is the only earning member of the family(Telstrasuper, 2016). In financial context what is risk? According to the respondents, risk is the combination of the opportunity and danger which is associated with the instrument of the portfolio. Risk is always associated with the portfolio. Whether market is too god or moderate risk will be there. Therefore it can be said that it is an indispensible part of the investment. After how many years you will withdraw invested funds from your portfolio? According to the interview, respondents would like to withdraw funds after 3-5 years. Can you define holding period for the long term investment? According to the interview, respondents had a belief that long term investment is for more than 3years. Then only desired return can be obtained from the long term investment(Moss, 2016). If the share of your portfolio goes down by 40% in a short period of time, then what will be up decision? According to the response of the respondents, he would like to sell portion of the investment in the market. Portion which is sold out will be invested in other investment which has high return. Portion of the investment will be invested in that source which has stable return. Respondents will not buy more investment because it may be very risky. Holding of the investment is not advisable because in case share goes down by some more percentage then investor has to face huge loss. Would you like to invest in an investment which has no value fluctuation, although it might generate low return? In the interview it was asked form the respondent that in what type of investment he would like to invests. Respondent strongly agrees to the given statement according to which he would like to invest in that investment which has no value fluctuation, although it might generate low return. Couples overall risk profile According to survey sheet filled by Mr. Mitch and his wife Jill, the client is young, has family with two children and a home. The couple is young and earning with 2 children. The current and future income sources from salary, pensions and other investments of the clients are stable and fairly secure. They have mortgage and also have to cover the childcare costs and small cash balance balances. The client is not entirely familiar with the investment matters. They have a little knowledge of share market and the other investments areas. The client has been into investment for not a very long time which is 3 years only. The investment does not include money spent in buying home and deposits in bank. In the current situation of client, they do need to access the money invested in the 3 to 5 years as they do not see any current emergency arriving. They will access money when their children will start going to the private schools. Apart from the investment, client has already plans to meet short term cash flows and in case of emergency. So the client is planning to keep the money for approximately 3 to 5 years. Mitch and Jill are also interested in tax savings. They understand the fact that some investments will help in tax savings but the benefit of saving the taxes will come with some risk. The couple is ready to take some variability in risk which also includes tax savings. The couple was asked a hypothetical question about the investment that if the client invested $100,000 and due to some bad market conditions, the portfolio drops to $85,000 in a short period, then what will the client would do. The client decided that they will sell a portion of the portfolio to cut the losses and reinvest into more secure investment sectors. Also if the portfolio further falls in the next 12 months, then the client is willing to hold the investments and sell nothing, expect the market conditions to get better or improve. Hence it can be said that risk portfolio of the client i s risk averse in nature. This shows that the client is willing to take the risk but not high risks which may or may not involve the good returns. The client is willing to have a balanced portfolio with spread of investments. They are willing to take the risk of negative return in 1 out of 7 years. This means the client is the balanced investor and has some understanding about the investment market behaviour. The client prefers balance between capital growth and capital security. They are prepared to bear short term risk in order to have long term capital growth. Investment Recommendations Based on clients risk appetite, they have several investment opportunities. As per their objectives of long- term savings for childrens education, they can invest in equity- linked securities. This will give them long- term capital appreciation. Besides that, they want to save their tax payments. So, for that they can go for debt instruments which will help in tax saving. Following investments are proposed for the client in particular. Australian fixed interest Mitch should go for Legg Mason Western asset Aus Bd A. It will provide fixed rate of income to the investor. This fixed interest rate instrument has been selected because its growth rate is constantly increasing from 2011 onwards. Income generated over the five years investment is 5.86%(Netwealth, 2016). Growth percentage is 1.12%. Index percentage is 6.54 and category percentage is 5.64. Credit quality of this bond is moderate medium. Standard deviation of the fund is 2.32. Sharpe ratio is 1.67. Beta and alpha of the stock are 0.94 and 0.41 respectively. Average weighted price is 112.31. Minimum initial investment is $30000. Minimum additional investment is $ 5000. Minimum withdrawal is 0 %. Thus it will ensure the stability of the principal and the interest income(Morningstar, 2016). Australian property In this category investor should go for Black rocked Indexed Aus listed property. It is one of the most popular investments because investor is having full control over the investment(Anz.co.nz, 2016). Several tax benefits are attached with this investment. It is regarded as a tangible investment. Income generated over the five years investment is 5.30%. Growth percentage is 14.71%. Index percentage is 20.85 and category percentage is 19.18. Credit quality of this equity is large growth. This grows faster as compared to the share market. Standard deviation of the fund is 11.18. Sharpe ratio is 1.55. Beta and alpha of the stock are 1 and 0.01 respectively. Minimum initial investment is $500000. Minimum additional investment is NAv. Minimum withdrawal is NAv. Switching is allowed and the distribution frequency is on quarterly basis.(Morningstar , 2016) Australian equity In this category, investor should go for Bennelong Concentrated Australian Eq. Equity is related with the long term investment. It assures high return but it is related with the high risk. Accumulation index return of this is very constant i.e. 1.25%. Quarterly return of the stock is 3.73%. Income generated over the five years investment is 11.52%. Growth percentage is 4.65%. Index percentage is 9.60% and category percentage is 9.35%. Credit quality of this equity is large growth. This grows faster as compared to the share market. Standard deviation of the fund is 13.55. Sharpe ratio is 1.78. Beta and alpha of the stock are 0.92 and 10.29 respectively. Minimum initial investment is $10000. Minimum additional investment is $1000. Minimum withdrawal is $5000. Switching is allowed and the distribution frequency is on semiannual basis. Annual ICR of the bond is 1.09%(Morningstar, 2016). International equity In this category investor should go for Maple-Brown Abbott Global Listed Infras. Investor should go for international equity because it provides diversified opportunities and reduce risk at optimal level. It provides liquidity and flexibility to the investor. It is one of the best ways to assume the risk of investing in equity linked investments. One will be able to expose to huge risk, ensuring good returns while having a diversified portfolio.Income generated over the three years investment is 6.59%. Growth percentage is 11.18%. Index percentage is 12.32% and category percentage is 13.28%. Credit quality of this equity is medium growth. This grows faster as compared to the share market. Standard deviation of the fund is 8.78. Sharpe ratio is 1.74. Beta and alpha of the stock are 0.58 and 9.78 respectively. Minimum initial investment is $20000. Minimum additional investment is $5000. Minimum withdrawal is $0. Switching is not allowed and the distribution frequency is on quarterly ba sis. Annual ICR of the bond is 0.98%(Morningstar , 2016). Recommended Strategies First of all Mitch should identify the risk. This will help in describing and recognising the amount of risk that will affect the project's outcome. In this investor should broadly identify its objectives and goals(continuingprofessionaldevelopment.org, 2016). Earnings of Family 97529 Tax Limits Rate Fixed Charge Amt. Eligible Tax Applicable 18200 0% 0 18200 0 37000 19% 0 79329 15073 80000 32.50% 3752 60529 23424 180000 37% 17547 17529 24033 TOTAL 62529 After identifying the risk Mitch should analyse the risk deeply. This will helps in determining the likelihood as well as the consequences of the each risk(litten, 2016). It will help in gaining knowledge relating to the nature of the risk. It will examine that how particular risk can affect goals and objectives of an individual. This information will be useful in describing and building portfolio of the client(CTB, 2016). Home Mortgage 420000 No of years 18 Annual repayment 23333 Interest Rate 5.50% Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Opening Mortgage Amount 0 396667 373333 350000 326667 303333 280000 Additions 420000 0 0 0 0 0 0 Repayment 23333 23333 23333 23333 23333 23333 23333 Closing Mortgage Amount 396667 373333 350000 326667 303333 280000 256667 Interest cost applicable 10908 21175 19892 18608 17325 16042 14758 Total payable 34242 44508 43225 41942 40658 39375 38092 Total paid 37200 37200 37200 37200 37200 37200 37200 Interest Cost paid 13867 13867 13867 13867 13867 13867 13867 Evaluate the risk; this will help in identifying the magnitude of risk. Consequence as well the likelihood will be evaluated through this. Though this investor can make decision that whether risk is tolerable or it has to be transferred or mitigated. This will help in knowing the volume of the risk and its consequences. Car 15000 No of years 5 Annual repayment 3000 Interest Rate 6.60% Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Opening Loan 0 12000 9000 6000 3000 Additions 15000 0 0 0 0 Repayment 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 Closing Loan 12000 9000 6000 3000 0 Interest cost applicable 396 578 413 248 83 Total payable 3396 3578 3413 3248 3083 Total paid 3624 3624 3624 3624 3624 Interest Cost paid 624 624 624 624 624 Treat the risk, last but not the least investor should treat the risk. In this investor should plan the response planning relating to the risk. Selling car: The couple has taken two long- term borrowings- one for the house worth $420,000 for 18 years; and the other is for 2 cars worth $15,000 for 5 years. The family consists of 4 people only. They can adjust with a single car as well. After all, they are incurring transport expenses for work purposes, having two cars. So, even if they sell a car they can adjust conveniently. This will help in reducing the interest obligations to a great extent. First of all, $302 which they are paying as interest on car loan will vanish. Besides that, the amount they retrieve from the sale of a car can be used to repay a part of house loan. So, they can save interest payments here as well. Monitor the risk: in this investor would assess the investment strategy. It will help in identifying the impact of different strategies on the portfolio of the client. For the given case Mitch's main aim was to mitigate the tax implication. If above stated strategies are followed by the Mitch then its revised earning of the family will be 50000 instead of 97529 and tax implication will be as follows: Revised earnings 50000 Tax Limits Rate Fixed Charge Amt. Eligible Tax Applicable 18200 0% 0 18200 0 37000 19% 0 31800 6042 TOTAL 6042 Hence it can be said that tax impact has reduced from 62529 to 6042, through recommended strategies. Bibliography co.nz. (2016). The benefits of property investment. Retrieved 2016, from The benefits of property investment: https://www.anz.co.nz/personal/home-loans-mortgages/property-investment/investment-benefits/ gov.au. (2016). Individual income tax rates. Retrieved 2016, from Individual income tax rates: https://www.ato.gov.au/rates/individual-income-tax-rates/ gov.au. (2016). Tax tables. Retrieved 2016, from Tax tables: https://www.ato.gov.au/Rates/Tax-tables/ org. (2016). What are the 5 Risk Management Steps in a Sound Risk Management Process? Retrieved 2016, from https://continuingprofessionaldevelopment.org/risk-management-steps-in-risk-management-process/ (2016). Identifying Strategies and Tactics for Reducing Risks. com. (2016). Current Australian IncomeTax rates. Retrieved 2016, from Current Australian IncomeTax rates: https://www.exfin.com/australian-tax-rates free-management-ebooks. (2016). Reading a balance sheet . Hughes, E. A. (2016). What are the pros and cons of risk profiling tools. litten, D. (2016). 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